Harmense


In Harmense, about two kilometers from Auschwitz – Birkenau, a satellite camp to Auschwitz was established in December, 1941. About 50 Poles worked with breeding chickens and rabbits, as well as the maintenance of fish ponds. After work, the prisoners were housed upstairs in a confiscated mansion. In June 1942, the male prisoners were moved to buildings in the village (Harmense) and the manor was taken over by about 30 female prisoners. In the summer of 1943, the male part of the camp was liquidated and the male prisoners were transferred to the Budy satellite camp. In connection with the liquidation of the male camp, their work was taken over by the female prisoners. The breeding had then expanded to include thousands of turkeys, geese, ducks and rabbits. In 1945, the camp was evacuated and the prisoners were sent to the west.

Current status: Partly preserved/demolished with monument (2015).

Location: 50°01'12.90" N 19°09'33.90" E

Get there: Car.

My comment:

Being a prisoner in a satellite camp could often be a worse option than being in the main camp itself. Not infrequently, prisoners were forced to perform slave labor in quarries or dig canals/ditches with high mortality rate. But there were also satellite camps where mortality was significantly lower and performing slave labor on a farm like this was of course a better option. This did not mean that the prisoners were safe. They could without warning or reason be transferred elsewhere och just being punished for something insignificant. Or just being killed for the sake of it or in retaliation for something.

Follow up in books: Kogon, Eugen: The Theory and Practice of Hell: The German Concentration Camps and the System Behind Them (2006).